Q

Autism Diagnosis for Adults: Understanding the Process

What is the process of receiving an autism diagnosis as an adult, and how can understanding symptoms, evaluation steps, and treatment options help navigate this journey? Additionally, what strategies and resources are available to cope with a late autism diagnosis and support daily living?

A

Answered by

Encore Support Staff

Receiving an autism diagnosis as an adult can be a complex and emotional journey. This comprehensive guide will help you understand the process, recognize symptoms, and explore treatment options for adults on the autism spectrum.

Autism Symptoms in Adults Checklist

Recognizing signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adults can be challenging, as symptoms may manifest differently compared to children. Here’s are some common signs of autism spectrum in adults:

• Difficulty with social interactions and maintaining relationships
• Challenges in understanding non-verbal communication
• Preference for routine and resistance to change
• Intense focus on specific interests or topics
• Sensory sensitivities (e.g., to light, sound, or touch)
• Difficulty with eye contact or reading facial expressions
• Literal interpretation of language and difficulty with sarcasm or idioms
• Repetitive behaviors or movements (stimming)

Signs of Mild Autism in Adults

Autism is a spectrum, meaning there are different levels of care required for different symptoms that are demonstrated. High-functioning autism, Asperger’s syndrome or mild autism are phrases used when describing individuals with symptoms that are subtle and harder to detect. Some signs include:

• Above-average intelligence in specific areas
• Difficulty with social cues and small talk
• Intense focus on particular subjects
• Preference for solitary activities
• Challenges with executive functioning (planning, organizing)
• Anxiety in social situations

It’s important to note that Asperger’s Syndrome is no longer an official diagnosis. This has been combined into Autism Spectrum Disorder due to its similar symptomology traits.

Severe Autism Symptoms in Adults

Severe autism in adults may present with more pronounced symptoms:

• Significant communication difficulties, including non-verbal individuals
• Intense sensory sensitivities
• Frequent repetitive behaviors or self-stimulatory actions
• Difficulty with daily living skills and self-care
• Challenges with emotional regulation and meltdowns
• Need for substantial support in daily life
• Aggressive and/or Destructive Behavior

Late Diagnosis of Autism in Adults

Many adults receive an autism diagnosis later in life, which can bring both relief and challenges. Understanding the process of adult autism diagnosis is crucial for those seeking answers.

Adult Autism Assessment and Diagnosis: How It Works

The process of obtaining an adult ASD assessment typically involves:

1. Initial screening with a healthcare provider
2. Comprehensive evaluation by a multidisciplinary team
3. Review of developmental history and current functioning
4. Cognitive and adaptive behavior assessments
5. Observation of social interactions and communication skills
6. Diagnosis based on DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorder

Late Diagnosis of Autism in Females

Autism in females often presents differently than in males, leading to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. Some unique characteristics of autism in women include:

• Better masking or camouflaging of symptoms
• Stronger language skills and social imitation abilities
• Internalizing behaviors rather than externalizing
• Special interests that may appear more socially acceptable

Late Diagnosis of Autism in Males

While autism is more commonly diagnosed in males, some may still receive a late in life autism diagnosis. Reasons for this include:Masking symptoms in social situations

• Misdiagnosis with other conditions (e.g., ADHD, anxiety)
• Autism symptoms being overlooked in earlier years
• Lack of awareness about adult autism in previous decades

Coping With Late Autism Diagnosis

Receiving a late diagnosis of autism can be overwhelming. Here are some strategies to cope:

• Seek support from autism communities and support groups
• Educate yourself about autism spectrum disorder
• Explore therapy options, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or Applied Behavior Analysis
• Practice self-compassion and acceptance
• Develop strategies to manage challenging aspects of autism

FAQ

Who is qualified to diagnose autism?

Autism can be diagnosed by professionals with expertise in autism spectrum disorders, including:

• Psychiatrists
• Psychologists
• Neurologists
• Developmental pediatricians (for children and adolescents)
• Some primary care physicians with specialized training

Who Can Diagnose Autism in Adults?

Adults seeking an autism diagnosis should consult:

• Psychiatrists specializing in adult autism
• Clinical psychologists with expertise in ASD
• Neuropsychologists
• Multidisciplinary teams at autism assessment centers

How Much Does Autism Testing Cost?

The cost of autism testing for adults can vary widely depending on location, provider, and assessment complexity. Prices may range from $1,000 to $5,000 or more. Some insurance plans may cover part or all of the cost, so it’s essential to check with your provider.

What to Do After Autism Diagnosis?

After receiving an autism diagnosis, consider these steps:

1. Explore therapy options and support services
2. Connect with autism communities and support groups
3. Develop strategies to manage challenges in daily life
4. Consider disclosure to family, friends, or employers if appropriate

Navigate the Process of Late Autism Diagnosis with Encore ABA

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy can be beneficial for adults on the autism spectrum, focusing on:

• Improving social skills and communication
• Developing coping strategies for sensory sensitivities
• Enhancing daily living skills and independence
• Managing challenging behaviors
• Building self-advocacy skills

Although Encore ABA’s services are limited to individuals up to 21 years old, we can provide valuable insights into the ABA therapy process and potentially recommend resources for adult autism support in your area.